因果關係

to involve something as a necessary part or consequence

涉及；必然帶來

• Expanding the network would entail considerable investment in new equipment.
• Any change to the syllabus entails retraining the teaching staff.

常見搭配: entail a risk · entail costs · necessarily entail

to slow down or block the progress or movement of something

阻礙；妨礙

• Poor infrastructure continues to impede economic growth in the region.
• Heavy rainfall impeded the rescue teams' access to the flooded valley.

常見搭配: impede progress · seriously impede · impede development

to make it more difficult for something to happen or progress

阻礙；妨礙

• A shortage of skilled workers is hindering the country's recovery.
• Excessive regulation can hinder rather than help small businesses.

常見搭配: hinder progress · seriously hinder · hinder growth

to encourage the development or growth of something

培養；促進

• Small class sizes foster closer interaction between students and teachers.
• The programme aims to foster a culture of innovation within the company.

常見搭配: foster growth · foster cooperation · foster creativity

to draw out a response, reaction, or piece of information from someone

引出；引起

• The survey was designed to elicit honest opinions about workplace stress.
• The advertisement failed to elicit the emotional response its creators intended.

常見搭配: elicit a response · elicit information · elicit sympathy

to produce or provide a result, profit, or amount

產生；帶來

• The experiment yielded results that surprised even the researchers.
• Investment in early education yields substantial long-term benefits.

常見搭配: yield results · yield a profit · yield benefits

to reduce or limit something, especially by cutting it short

縮減；限制

• The government moved to curtail public spending during the downturn.
• New regulations sharply curtailed the bank's riskier activities.

常見搭配: curtail spending · severely curtail · curtail freedoms

to strengthen something or make it more effective

加強；強化

• The latest findings reinforce earlier warnings about air pollution.
• Advertising can reinforce harmful stereotypes about gender.

常見搭配: reinforce a message · reinforce stereotypes · further reinforce

to come or happen before something else in time or order

先於；在…之前

• A sharp rise in unemployment usually precedes a recession.
• The lecture is preceded by a short introductory reading.

常見搭配: immediately precede · precede a change · the preceding chapter

to emphasise or draw attention to the importance of something

強調；突顯

• The pandemic underscored the importance of resilient supply chains.
• These figures underscore just how uneven the recovery has been.

常見搭配: underscore the importance · underscore the need · further underscore

to make something seem reasonable or necessary; to justify

使有必要；證明…合理

• The preliminary results are promising enough to warrant a larger trial.
• Such a serious allegation warrants a full investigation.

常見搭配: warrant attention · warrant further study · hardly warrant

to reach the highest or final point after a period of development

達到頂點；以…告終

• Years of negotiation culminated in a landmark climate agreement.
• The course culminates in a research project that students present to their peers.

常見搭配: culminate in · culminate with · eventually culminate